Question

Select the option that correctly identifies I, II, III, IV

A) I-Biosphere reserves; II-National Parks, wild life sanctuaries; III-sacred grooves; IV- Gene banks, cryopreservation.
B) I-Sacred plants, home gardens; II- National Parks, wild life sanctuaries; III- arboreta; IV- Gene banks, cryopreservation.
C) I-Biospheres reserve; II- Gene banks, cryopreservation; III- Sacred plants, home gardens; IV- National Parks, wild life sanctuaries
D) I-Biospheres reserve; II- arboreta; III- Gene banks, cryopreservation; IV- National Parks, wild life sanctuaries.

Answer 1

Hint: Biodiversity is the amount of variations, at genetic, species and ecosystem level. It depends on physical factors like temperature, climate of a place.

Complete Answer:
Biodiversity conservation is mainly concerned with the protection, enhancement and scientific management of biodiversity. The conservation is of two types-
1) In-situ- It is concerned with the protection of endangered plants and animal species in their natural habitat. For example, National parks.
2) Ex-situ- It is concerned with the relocation of rare species from their natural habitats to protected areas. Ex- botanical gardens.

A) Biosphere reserves- It is an in-situ method. It consists of larger areas where the species are protected in their natural habitat.
B) National parks, wild life sanctuaries- It is an in-situ method in which the species are protected in their natural habitat.
C) Arboreta-It is a botanical garden devoted to the plants. It is the method of ex-situ conservation.
D) Gene bank and cryopreservation- It is an Ex-situ method in which the seeds, sperms, and ova are stored at very low temperature.
E) Sacred grooves- These are smaller areas in which the plant species are grown and have religious sentiments attached to it. As a result the species are conserved. It is an in-situ method of conservation.
F) Home gardens- It is also an ex situ mode of conservation.

Thus the correct answer is A.

Note: Biodiversity conservation helps to preserve species, maintain ecosystems and ecological balance of nature. National parks and animal sanctuaries are open for human visitors where they can see the species in their natural habitat.