Question

Select the answer with the correct matching of the structure, its location and function.

Structure	Location	Function
1. Blind spot	Near the place where optic nerve leaves the eye	Rods and cones present here but are inactive
2. Eustachian Tube	Anterior part of internal ear	Equalizes air pressure on either side of tympanic membrane
3. Cerebellum	Midbrain	Controls respiration and breathing
4. Hypothalamus	Forebrain	Controls body temperature, urge for eating and drinking

A. 11
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
E. None of the above

Answer 1

Hint: First identify the location of the structure and if it is correct then try to cross-verify the statement with the function of structure mentioned along. Also, try remembering the specific characteristics of the different parts of the body. The anatomy of the skull will be very helpful in this.

Complete answer:
We will try to solve this question by moving point wise from the blind spot part. We all know that the light rays entering our eyes falls directly upon the retina which covers almost most of the back area of the eye. This retina part of the eye is covered with the special cells helping in the vision of day and night. But there is an area in the eye where the retina is not present and the optic nerve which takes the information from eye to brain starts. Now at this place since retina is not present therefore rods and cones will also be absent. Therefore statement 1 is incorrect.
Moving on to the second one, we see that eustachian tubes are there, these tubes help in maintaining the balance of the body in such a way that the air outside the tube is equal in pressure as compared to the inner side of the tube. The tube is separated with the help of isthmus junction. In the given statement the function provided is correct but the location mentioned is wrong as the eustachian tube is present in the posterior part of the ear and not the anterior.
Considering the location and function of cerebellum, we see that the location mentioned is midbrain but instead of it the cerebellum is present in the hindbrain and it is one of the major parts of the hindbrain. The cerebellum is responsible for controlling the voluntary movements in the body. Therefore, it is also incorrect.
The last option is the hypothalamus which is an endocrine gland responsible for secreting hormones into the body with the help of the pituitary gland. The location of hypothalamus is the forebrain and it is present at the base of the midbrain. The function of the hypothalamus includes regulation of body temperature which is mentioned clearly making it the correct option.

Therefore the correct answer is option D.

Note:
The midbrain part of the brain is not known as cerebellum instead it is known as the cerebrum. Also, the tympanic membrane is present near the eardrum of the ear and the eustachian tube is situated further inside the ear to regulate the body balance.