Question

Sedatives differ from tranquilizers in
(A) Sedatives induce sleep while tranquilizers do not do so
(B) Sedatives depress brain activity while tranquilizers activate brain functioning
(C) Sedatives are strong tranquilizers
(D) Sedatives cause addiction while tranquilizers do not produce such as effect

Answer 1

Hint: The sedatives are the type of drugs which neutralizes the brain activities and makes it slow whereas the tranquilizers are the drugs taken to reduce stress and anxiety. They both are potentially used in therapeutics.

Complete answer:
The sedatives and tranquilizers are completely different and vary in many ways. The administration of these medicines can be habit forming and addictive.

The difference between tranquilizers and sedatives are:

Tranquilizers	Sedatives
A tranquilizer decreases the anxiety and has a soothing effect but they do not induce sleep or drowsiness.	The sedative induces sleeping effects and thus acts as potential hypnotics.
It enhances the activity of neurotransmitters like GABA and also stimulates its production.	They modify some specific nerve interactions and interfaces in our central nervous system to our brain.
The tranquilizers are used manage acute stress situations, anxiety and fear.	The sedatives are prescribed for the patients diagnosed with acute anxiety, sleeping disorders and mental tensions, also used for inducing and maintaining anaesthesia
The tranquilisers reduce brain activity or slow down the brain.	It reduces the brain functioning and relaxes to produce sleeping effects.
Example-benzodiazepines	Example- Barbiturates

Thus, the correct answer is option ‘A’ i.e, Sedatives induce sleep while tranquilizers do not do so.

Note: The sedatives work very fast. It can produce sleeping effect in less than an hour. It is very important to note that excess of medication may cause various health issues related to breathing, memory, nausea, vomiting and also may cause severe damages to the lung tissues. The prolonged use of sedatives can lead to liver dysfunction.