Question

Ribosomes are attached to______ in prokaryotes.

Answer 1

Hint:
Ribosomes are the components of the cell which are present in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells and responsible for protein synthesis. The rRNAs and ribosomal proteins are arranged into two separate ribosomal pieces of different sizes, known as the small and large subunits of the ribosome. Together, these two subunits turn mRNA into polypeptide chains during protein synthesis.

Complete step by step answer:
The prokaryotic ribosomes are 70S type. The smaller subunit is the 30S and the larger subunit of the ribosome is 50S. In prokaryotes, ribosomes appear as granular, dense, and complex RNA and protein structures within the cytoplasmic matrix. It holds 65% of rRNA and 35% of proteins.
Prokaryotes do not have specialized cell organelles, so the ribosomes are attached to the cytoplasmic membrane, unlike ribosomes attached to the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotes. The presence of ribosomes is compulsory for all cells to synthesize proteins.
Ribosomes are attached to the plasma membrane in prokaryotes .

Additional Information:
Ribosomes are the manufacturing units that ensure protein synthesis. The 30S subunit plays a crucial role in the association of the anticodon site of the tRNA molecule to the mRNA strand. It also controls the base pairing of the codons of mRNA with the anticodons of tRNA during the translation process. The 50S subunit performs an important role in the binding of the acceptor arm of tRNA. Then, the tRNA begins the formation of a polypeptide chain relative to the details equipped in the mRNA. It pairs the amino acid on the A-site of tRNA and the developing peptide chain attached to the P-site tRNA.

Note:
The eukaryotic ribosomes are attached to the surface of the ER with the help of ribophorins I and II. The larger subunit 60S connects with these ribophorins to form an attachment with the ER.