Question

What is the relationship between bond length and bond multiplicity?

Answer 1

Hint: We know that bond length is defined as the average distance between the center of the nucleus to two covalently bonded atoms in a molecule and bond strength is measured by bond length, the greater the bond length weaker will be the bond strength.

Complete answer:
Bond length depends upon the various factors which are given below: Size of atom: Size of atom and bond length is directly proportional to the size of atoms present in a molecule. With the increase in the size of the atom, there is also an increase in bond length and vice-versa. The multiplicity of bond: Bond length is inversely proportional to the bond length. As there is an increase in the multiplicity of bonds there is observed a decrease in bond lengthwise.
The bond length of a molecule containing a single bond is higher than that in a double bond which is higher than that in a triple bond. Types of hybridization: As we know the size of the s orbital is smaller, the greater the s character, the smaller will be the hydride orbitals thus smaller will be bond length. Bond length decreases with increase in bond multiplicity.

Note:
Remember that the bond length is expressed in terms of Angstrom $\left( A{}^\circ \right)$ or picometer which is equal to ${{10}^{-12}}m$ . Bond length is experimentally measured by either X-ray diffraction method or electron diffraction method. We can also determine it with the spectroscopic method.