Question

Regeneration was discovered by
A) Trembley
B) Morgan
C) Hunley
D) Lamarck

Answer 1

Hint: Regeneration – It is the process by which some organisms replace or restore lost or amputated body parts Hydra and Planaria flatworms have served as model organisms for their highly adaptive regenerative capabilities.

Complete Answer:
A) Trembley – Regeneration was first discovered in hydra by Abraham Trembley. Hydra belongs to phylum-coelenterata (cnidarian) and they are fresh-water and therefore the freshwater polyp. Hydra is fixed to submerged weeds and stones, but can move about in a variety of ways when required. It is solitary and carnivorous. It recognizes its prey by chemical stimulus. It has remarkable power of regeneration. It has no medusa stage.
– Trembley performed a series of experiments to determine whether it was a plant or animal. So he cut the polyp in half. He predicted that if two parts regenerated, the organisms must be a plant since animals were not known to regenerate complete individuals.
– During his observation, he noticed that the polyp moved in a step-by-step way much like an inchworm, which suggested that it was an animal. He was surprised to see that each half of the polyp regenerated into a complete new polyp, which suggested that it was a plant.
– On the contrary, the polyp’s animal – like that movement had convinced him that it was an animal.
– Therefore, Trembley discovered regeneration in hydra.

B) Morgan – Morgan played an important role in genetics. He was an American geneticist. He established the principle of linkage, crossing over, discovered sex chromosomes, sex linkage, technique of chromosome mapping. He wrote the book “Theory of Gene” in 1926. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1933.

C) Hunley – He was an English Biologist and anthropologist. He is known as “Darwin’s Bulldog” for his advocacy of Charles Darwin’s theory of Evolution.

D) Lamarck – He was a well known French biologist. He gave the theory of inheritance of acquired characters and explained it in his book “philosophie zoologique” in 1809

The correct option is A – Trembley.

Note: Regeneration is also shown by organs like liver. Salamanders can regenerate the limb, heart, tail, brain, eye, tissues, kidney, brain and spinal cord throughout life.
– Lizards can regenerate tails.