Question

Who is regarded as father of evolutionary concept
A. Linnaeus
B. Lamarck
C. Darwin
D. Buffon

Answer 1

Hint:-The evolutionary concept explained that an organism changes over a certain period of time. It explains the process of evolution. Evolution is the descent with change.

Complete step-by-step solution:-
Charles Darwin is known as the Father of Evolutionary Concept. He proposed the modern theory of evolution. He was born in Shrewsbury (England) in 1809. He visited Galapagos Island by voyage H.M.S. Beagle. Alfred Russel Wallace wrote an essay on survival of fittest by using the title “On tendency of varieties to depart indefinitely, from their original type” and sent it to Charles Darwin. After that, Charles Darwin along with Wallace published a book “On the origin of species by means of natural selection”. Darwin’s theories were based on the practical experiences and the large number of proofs which he collected from nature directly or we can say that, Darwin’s evolution theory was mainly based upon natural selection.
In this book, Darwin explained evolution and gave the following points:
- Struggle for existence
- Natural selection
- Survival of fittest
- Environment
- Inheritance
- Limited supply of food and shelter
- Overproduction of offspring
- Universal occurrence of variations
According to Darwin, continuous natural selection leads to the origin of new species, i.e.- evolution.
According to great criticizer Hugo De Vries, Darwin’s theory of natural selection had some drawbacks which Darwin was unable to explain the origin, cause, and inheritance of the variations.
The best evidence of Darwin’s theory is the industrial revolution in Britain. Before industrialization, the peppered moths which appear black in colour were easily observable by the predator birds. But after industrialization, the peppered moths which appeared pale in colour were easily visible and eaten by predator birds.
So, our correct answer is option (c), Darwin.

Additional Information: Natural selection is the biological process through which the organisms adapt and change themselves according to the environment. It can lead to-
Stabilization: It is the type of natural selection in which all individuals acquire mean character value. It favours intermediate continuous variation.
Directional: It is the type of natural selection that favours the formation of extreme continuous variation.
Disruption: It is the type of natural selection that favours the formation of both extreme and intermediate states of variation.

Note:- Carolus Linnaeus is known as Father of Binomial Nomenclature. Lamarck proposed the evolutionary theory which was based upon the use and disuse of organs.