Question

Reduction of aromatic nitro compounds using Fe and HCL gives
a. aromatic oxime
b. aromatic hydrocarbon
c. aromatic primary amine
d. aromatic amide

Answer 1

Hint: In the given question reduction of aromatic nitro compounds in presence of iron and hydrochloric acid is explained. Aromatic nitro compounds are typically synthesized by the nitration process. It is achieved by using a combination of nitric acid and sulfuric acid, which yield the nitronium ion $$\left(N{O}_2^{+}\right)$$

Complete Step by step answer:
As we know that the nitro group is one of the first functional groups which can be reduced. The Nitro compounds are organic compounds which comprise of one or more than one nitro functional groups $$\left(-N{O}_2\right)$$. The nitro group is one of the most common explosophores that is the functional group which makes a compound explosive and is used worldwide in making explosives. The nitro group is also strongly electron-withdrawing group thus the Reduction of nitro aromatic compounds in presence of iron and hydrochloric acid gives aromatic primary amines.

The Nitro compounds participate in several organic reactions, the most important thing to note is their reduction to the corresponding amines thus the reaction occur is as follows:

$$R-N{O}_2+3H_2\stackrel{Fe/HCl}{\to }R-N{H}_2+2H_{2}O$$

Thus, option $$C$$ is correct.

Note: In organic chemistry the chemical reactions of reduction of nitro compounds are of wide interest worldwide. On a large industrial scale, the reduction of nitroaromatics has been conducted by using the method of Catalytic hydrogenation, where hydrogenation is a chemical reaction which occur in between molecular hydrogen $$\left(H2\right)$$ and another element, usually in the presence of a catalyst such as palladium.