Question

What is the reason for the diamond sparkle?

Answer 1

Hint:Diamond is a solid form of carbon that has its atoms organised in a diamond cubic crystal structure. Another solid form of carbon known as graphite is the chemically stable form of carbon at normal temperature and pressure, although diamond nearly never transforms to it.

Complete answer:
Diamond has the highest hardness and thermal conductivity of any natural substance, characteristics that make it ideal for cutting and polishing equipment in industry. They're also why diamond anvil cells may expose materials to pressures encountered deep down.

Because of 100% internal reflection, diamonds shine. Total internal reflection is a phenomenon that happens at the border between two media, in which all light is reflected into the first medium if the incidence angle in the first medium is larger than the critical angle. Reflection, Refraction, and Dispersion are the three other variables that influence the sparkle of a diamond, in addition to total internal reflection.

When a light beam strikes a diamond, it bounces back, giving the diamond an immediate brilliance. The light that strikes the diamond and is immediately reflected back up, giving it an instantaneous brilliance, is known as reflection. While this gleam is dazzling, it just scratches the surface of a diamond's real brilliance. A diamond reflects just a fraction of the light it receives; the rest passes through it.

Light is dispersed and fragmented as it passes through the diamond, giving it the glitter that diamonds are known for. This is how refraction works. Diamonds are small, intricate prisms; light enters at the top and is directed around the interior of the diamond before returning to the top and exiting through the surface. The light beam passes through the diamond due to refraction and dispersion. Diamond functions as a little complex prism through which light rays pass at various angles.

Note: When waves travelling in one medium collide with the boundary of another medium with a lower refractive index at a sufficiently oblique incident angle (called the critical angle), instead of transmitting into the second ("external") medium at a refracted angle, the waves all get reflected back into the first ("internal") medium. The water surface (the boundary between water and air) of a fish tank, for example, typically reflects the underwater environment like a mirror when seen obliquely from below with minimal loss of brightness.