Question

Read the given sentence and frame it in the present perfect tense:
Last week the bus fare was 80 pence. Now it _______ to 90 pence.
(a)Has gone up
(b)Is going up
(c)Had gone up
(d)Has been gone up

Answer 1

Hint: Read the given sentence carefully. Find out the subject, predicate and object of the given sentence. Try to find the core meaning of the given sentence and the tense it is written in. Choose the option which is in the present perfect tense.

Complete answer: The present perfect tense is used to describe something that happened in the past, but the exact time it happened is not important. It has a relationship with the present.
Have/has + past participle makes the present perfect.
In this sentence, it is already given that we would be using the present perfect tense. Now since the whole sentence is in the third person, we would be using “has” and not “have”. (“have” is used in case of first and second person framed sentences.)
(a)Has gone up- It is the right answer as it is in the present perfect tense. Here ‘gone’ is the past participle of ‘go’, which describes something that had happened in the past and ‘Has’ connects it with the present.
(b)Is going up- It is not the right answer as ‘Is’ is the third person singular present and ‘going’ describes something which is happening at the moment, that is, it is in continuous form. For the past participle, it is the form of a verb, typically ending in -ed in English, which is used in forming perfect and passive tenses and sometimes as an adjective.
(c)Had gone up- It is not the right answer as “had” is in the past tense.
(d)Has been gone up- It is not the right answer as ‘been gone’ is grammatically incorrect.

Note: All the other options are plausible distractions. Don’t confuse between any other option as you must also align the tense of the given options with the given sentence.