Question

Rate and depth of respiration shall increase when
A. Oxygen concentration increases
B. \(C{O_2}\) concentration increases
C. \(HC{O_3}\) concentration increases
D. \(HC{O_3}\) concentration decreases

Answer 1

Hint: The process of exchange of gases is known as Respiration. During respiration, oxygen is inhaled and carbon dioxide exhaled. Inhalation of air or gases is known as inspiration and exhalation of air or gases is known as expiration.

Complete answer:When the rate and depth of respiration increases then a person starts to feel very deeply. The breathing becomes very heavy. The person starts taking very greater amounts of air inside the lungs.
Oxygen concentration increases: When the concentration of oxygen increases in the body then the blood saturates with the levels of oxygen. Oxyhemoglobin is formed. Due to this the breathing of a person slows or becomes relaxed. This is because oxygen gas is required for the functioning of the cells. At an increased concentration of oxygen, the body becomes saturated with oxygen so the breathing becomes slow as it does not require any more oxygen.
Carbon dioxide concentration increases: When the concentration of carbon dioxide increases in the body the blood saturates with the levels of carbon dioxide and Carbamino hemoglobin is formed. Due to this breathing of a person increases or becomes deep. Due to the requirement of oxygen gas for the functioning of cells. At an increased concentration of carbon dioxide the body becomes devoid of oxygen. So, the breathing becomes faster as it tries to inhale oxygen as much as possible.
Bicarbonate concentration increases: When the concentration of bicarbonate ions increases then they coagulate red blood cells.
Bicarbonate concentration decreases: When the concentration of bicarbonate ions decreases then the concentration of hydride ions increases. This causes increased breakage of the oxyhemoglobin compound.
Thus, according to the above information it can be concluded that rate and depth of the respiration shall increase when carbon dioxide concentration increases.
Hence, the correct answer is option (B).

Note: Hamburger’s process is known as the shifting of bicarbonate ions outside the plasma and chloride ions inside the cells. Therefore, it is also known as the chloride shift of Hamburger’s process. The reverse chloride shift is the shifting of bicarbonate ions inside and chloride ions outside. This is done to maintain the ionic concentration of bicarbonate ions in the body.