Question

Radiation is a health hazard because it causes?
A) Haemophilia
B) Leukemia
C) Pneumonia
D) Leucopenia

Answer 1

Hint: Heat, radiation, and filtration are the most common physical agents normally used to control microbial growth. Similarly, there are many different kinds of radiations having antimicrobial effects. Ionizing radiations which include X-rays and gamma rays, form free radicals in the cytoplasm and the free radicals damage microbial protein and DNA. Another important form of radiation is UV radiation. These radiations damage nucleic acids.

Complete step-by-step answer:
Radiation is a health hazard as it causes leukaemia i.e., skin cancer. Cancer detection is based on biopsy and histopathological studies of blood and bone marrow tests for increased cell counts in the case of leukaemias.
Haemophilia is a recessive disease, sex-linked that transmits from unaffected carrier female to some of the male progeny. In this disease, a single protein that is part of the cascade of proteins involved in the clotting of blood is affected. Due to this, in an infected person, a single cut will result in non-stop bleeding.
Bacteria like Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae are responsible for the disease pneumonia in humans which infects the alveoli(air filled sacs) of the lungs.
In a healthy body, some WBC especially lymphocytes, can live for several months or years, but most live only a few days. Leukocytosis, an increase in the number of WBCs above 10,000/microliter, is a normal and protective response to stress such as invading microbes, strenuous exercise, anaesthesia, and surgery. An abnormally low level of white blood cells is called leukopenia.

Therefore the correct answer is Option B.
Note: Exposure to high levels of radiation, such as being close to an atomic blast, can cause acute health effects such as skin burns and acute radiation syndrome also called radiation sickness. It can also result in long-term effects such as cancer and cardiovascular disease.