Question

‘Protoplasm is the physical basis of life’ was suggested by
(a) Purkinje
(b) Huxley
(c) Sidney Fox
(d) Hugo Von Mohl

Answer 1

Hint: The scientist who suggested that ‘Protoplasm is the physical basis of life’ is also known as Darwin’s Bulldog.

Complete answer:
The protoplasm is present between the cell membrane and the nucleus. Almost all important metabolic reactions occur in the protoplasm. It is also known as cytoplasm. Huxley proposed that ‘Protoplasm is the physical basis of life’.
Cytosol or Hyaloplasm or Ground Plasm: It is the liquid part of cytoplasm excluding the cell organelles. It exists in two states, sol, and gel. The sol state is known as plasma sol and the gel state is known as plasma gel. The plasma gel is present toward the periphery and known as ectoplast and plasma sol is situated internally and known as endoplast. The matrix of the cytosol is crystalloid- colloid is nature.
Functions of protoplasts are:
- Provides raw- materials to cell organelles for their functioning.
- Products formed in organelles are released into the protoplasm which is carried away to different parts.
- Synthesis of proteins, fats, nucleotides, carbohydrates, etc occurs in the cytoplasm.
- Metabolic pathways like glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, etc take place in the protoplasm.
So, the correct answer is,” ‘Protoplasm is the physical basis of life’ was suggested by Huxley.”

Note: It is important to know that materials within the cells are transported from one region to another by cytoplasmic streaming. It is of two types, rotation, and circulation. In rotation matrix continuously rotates in one direction around a single large central vacuole. In circulation, the matrix shows different movement around different vacuoles of the cell. Cytoplasmic streaming helps in the movement of organelles, pseudopodia formation, membrane repair, and distribution of heat.