Question

Proteinuria is
A. Protein in blood
B. Protein in urine
C. Both A and B
D. All of these

Answer 1

Hint: Proteins – which helps in building muscle and bone,regulate the amount of fluid blood, and in combating infection and repair tissue – should remain in the blood. If proteins enter urine, then they ultimately leave the body which is not healthy.

Complete answer:
Proteinuria is an increased level of protein in urine. This condition can suggest a sign of damage in the kidney.
Proteins get into urine if the kidneys don’t work in a normal manner. Generally, the glomeruli, which are tiny loops of capillaries and which are found in kidneys, filter the waste products & excess water from the blood.

Glomeruli passes these substances, but not the larger proteins and blood cells, into the urine. If the smaller proteins sneak through the glomeruli or tubules (which are long, thin, hollow tubes in kidneys) then they recapture those proteins and keep them inside the body.
However, if the glomeruli or tubules are damaged anyhow or if there is a problem with the reabsorption process of the proteins, or if there is an excessive protein load generated, the proteins will flow into the urine.
Often, a person with proteinuria doesn't experience symptoms, especially if the kidneys are just beginning to have some problems. But, if proteinuria is at advanced level, symptoms can include:
 • More frequent urination
 • Shortness of breath
 • Tiredness

Hence the correct option is option B i.e protein in urine.

Note: Normal amount of protein in the urine is generally less than 150mg/day. High levels of proteins are associated with rapid decline in the kidney function. It affects about 6.7 percent of the United States population. It is seen more in elderly and people with other chronic illnesses.