Question

How is the process of pollination different from fertilization?

Answer 1

Hint: Plant embryology is the study of the process of origin and development of gametes, fertilization, pollination, embryo development, pollens, anthers, ovary etc.

Complete answer:
Pollination is the process of transferring pollen from one flower to another. While fertilization is the process after the successful transfer of pollination, which involves the fusion of male gametes and female gametes of plants.

Basis of comparison	Pollination	Fertilization
Meaning	The process of transfer of pollen from the male parts (anther) of a flower to the female part (stigma) of the same or different flower is called pollination.	Fertilization is the common process, involving the union of the male gamete (sperm) and female gamete (egg).
Kind of mechanism	It is an external mechanism and takes place on the outer part of a flower.	It is an internal mechanism and takes place inside the flowers.
It occurs in	Pollination occurs in flowering plants only	Fertilization is followed by almost every plant and living being present on earth.
Type	Two types:Self-pollination.Cross-pollination	No types
Pollen tube	No formation of pollen tube	Formation of pollen tube which helps in transferring of male gametes up to an egg cell.
Time of process	Pollination takes place before fertilization.	Fertilization takes place after pollination.

Double fertilization – This is the very distinct process, pursued by the angiosperm plants. In this process out of two sperms, one sperm fertilizes the egg to form the zygote. While the other sperm combines with the secondary nucleus (triple fusion) to form a triploid nucleus (3n). This is also called the primary endosperm nucleus.

Note: A pollen tube is a part of male gametophyte in seed plants that develops by the germination of the pollen grain on the stigma of the flower. Its main function is to transport the male sperms to the ovules inside the ovary.