Question

What is the process of changing a liquid to a gas called $?$

Answer 1

Hint : The most common states of matter are solid $,$ liquid and gas $.$ They are classified mainly into these three states based on the interatomic distances and forces $.$ One thing we have to keep in mind is that $,$ all these states are inter convertible by gaining and losing of energy as they undergo physical change $.$

Complete Step By Step Answer:
Matter in our surroundings exists mainly in \[3\] different states $,$ namely $,$ solids $,$ liquids and gases $.$
Solids $:$ Atoms or molecules are closely packed and have strong intermolecular forces of attraction $.$They have a definite shape and volume and have rigid boundaries $.$
Liquids $:$ Here $,$ the constituents are not that closely packed in solids and have lesser intermolecular forces of attraction than solids $.$ They do not have a definite shape but have definite volume $.$
Gases $:$ They have very weak intermolecular forces of attraction and the constituents are far apart from each $.$ Gases have neither a definite shape nor volume $.$ They attain the shape of the container they are kept in $.$
$solid\underset{{iv}}{\overset{i}{\longleftrightarrow}}liquid\underset{{iii}}{\overset{{ii}}{\longleftrightarrow}}gas$
All the three states are interconvertible and the processes that follow are $:$
$(i)$Melting
$(ii)$Vaporization
$(iii)$Condensation
$(iv)$Freezing
Apart from this $,$ the process that involves conversion of solid directly to gas and vice versa is called sublimation $.$
Here $,$ we are asked about the conversion of liquid to gas $.$ The molecules of liquid attain certain energy from the surroundings in the form of heat and overcome the intermolecular forces of attraction between the molecules $.$ Now $,$ they are free to move around and is changed to gaseous state $.$ This process of conversion of liquid to gaseous or vapour form is called vaporization $.$ The temperature at which the liquid molecules changes to vapour is called boiling point $.$
For e g $.$ the boiling point of water is${100^ \circ }C$$.$ At this temperature $,$ water molecules gets completed heated at change to water vapour $.$

Note :
The boiling point can be reduced when the surrounding pressure is low $.$ This is why vegetables take longer time to cook at high altitudes as the atmospheric pressure is low there $.$ Water starts to boil at a lower temperature $.$
The words evaporation and vaporization has been used inter changeably many at times $.$ But evaporation is a surface phenomenon whereas vaporization is a bulk phenomenon $.$