Question

Power house of cell is known as
(a) Golgi bodies
(b) Mitochondria
(c) Ribosome
(d) Lysosome

Answer 1

Hint: Powerhouse of a cell is the organelle in which energy required for the cell is generated in the form of ATP. The organelle which is called as the powerhouse of the cell also has 70S ribosomes.

Complete answer:
The energy required for various processes is acquired from a molecule called adenosine triphosphate (ATP) . This molecule is chiefly synthesized in a cell organelle called the mitochondria. They are membrane bound organelles that generate most of the chemical energy needed to power the biochemical reactions. They are present in all the eukaryotic cells except mature mammalian RBCs and sieve tubes of phloem.
ATP is generated by the oxidative phosphorylation of compounds $\text {NADH}$ and $\text {FADH}_{2} $ generated at the end of Krebs’ cycle. This oxidative phosphorylation takes in the mitochondria through the enzymes and electron transport chain present in the membrane of the mitochondria. In this way, they generate the energy currency of the cell ATP and hence they are called as the powerhouse of the cell or the energy mill of the cell.

So, the answer is, “Mitochondria”.

Note: Though mitochondria are cell organelles that generate energy for the cells, they are believed to be semi-autonomous in nature. According to endosymbiotic hypothesis, mitochondria were actually prokaryotic organisms that were accidentally engulfed by eukaryotic cells, but later developed a symbiotic relationship with the cells. This is supported by the fact that mitochondria is self-sufficient in terms of energy, it has its own mitochondrial DNA and 70S RNA and also has a double membrane structure.