Question

Polysaccharide found in the cartilage matrix is _________.
(a)Collagen
(b)Hyaline
(c)Ossein
(d)Chondroitin

Answer 1

Hint: It is basically a substance that occurs naturally and is formed of sugar chains. Additionally, it helps to maintain fluid and flexibility in the joints. It’s known to be a vital part of cartilage, giving it elasticity by helping it retain water.

Complete answer:
-Cartilage is a semi-rigid but flexible avascular connective animal tissue found at various sites within the body. With a versatile structure composed primarily of water, it is also extremely tough.
- The key components of cartilage include specialized cells which are termed as chondrocytes and help in the production of a large amount of collagenous extracellular matrix, this abundant ground substance is rich in proteoglycans and elastin fibers.
-The chief component of ground substances of cartilage is chondro mucoprotein which is made up of chondroitin sulfate, keratin sulfate, and hyaluronic acid.

Additional information:
Types of Cartilage
There are three types of cartilages found in the human body:
-Hyaline Cartilage: It is the most common form of cartilage. Hyaline is derived from the Greek term 'hyalos' which means glass, which describes the appearance of this type of tissue – translucent, blueish-white, and shiny. It is primarily the embryonic form of cartilage and can be seen in the ribs, joints, nose, larynx, and trachea
-Fibrocartilage: Known to be a very tough and strong tissue, fibrocartilage is found predominantly in the intervertebral disks and at the insertions of ligaments and tendons.
-Elastic Cartilage: It is primarily found in the external ear (auricle or pinna), the Eustachian tube, and therefore the epiglottis. They are primarily parts of the anatomy that are required to always spring back into their original shape.

So, the correct answer is ‘chondroitin’.

Notes:
-Collagen is primarily a type of protein that provides form and strength to cartilage tissue. It is regarded as one of the major insoluble fibrous proteins in the extracellular matrix and in connective tissue.
-Ossein forms the matrix of bone and is made of 95% collagen. It is the major protein of the white fibers of connective tissue, cartilage, and bone.