Question

Polyploidy can result from?
(A) double fertilization
(B) polyspermy
(C) diploid gametes
(D) all of the above

Answer 1

Hint: The heritable state of having more than two complete sets of chromosomes is known as polyploidy. Polyploid animals do not survive and thus do not exist but polyploid plants can be seen in nature. The endosperm is a polyploid structure formed by the fusion of diploid polar nuclei and male gamete which is a part of double fertilisation.
Step by step solution:
Plants frequently have polyploid DNA, as do several fish and amphibian species. For instance, some frogs, leeches, and salamanders are polyploid. In flowering plant reproduction, double fertilization refers to the joining of the egg and sperm as well as the simultaneous joining of a second sperm and two polar nuclei, which leads in the creation of the endosperm (the seed's food-storage tissue). In flowering plants (angiosperms), the process of double fertilization kick-starts the development of the two major seed components, the embryo and endosperm, by fusing two male gametes (sperm cells) with two female gametes (egg and central cell). A cell or organism that has more than two paired sets of chromosomes is said to be polyploid.
The triploid zygote is the outcome of double fertilization. An egg that has been fertilized by several sperms is referred to as polyspermy. When a single egg is fertilised by many sperms, it can lead to polyploidy and this process is known as polyspermy. There will be an additional pair of chromosomes as a result.
 A triploid zygote is created when a diploid gamete and a haploid gamete combine, which is also an example of polyploidy. Whenever a diploid gamete is fertilised either by another diploid gamete or a haploid one this will result in the formation of a polyploid zygote.

So, option (D) is correct.
Note: Note that polyploidy can be caused due to various reasons, one among those reasons is polyploidy, it can also occur due to failure of segregation during meiosis. One condition can arise due to many conditions.