Polymerization of Ethylene?
VerifiedAnswer: Polythene
Explanation:
When ethylene molecules undergo polymerization, they form polythene, one of the most widely used plastics in our daily lives. This process involves the joining of many ethylene monomers (C₂H₄) through their double bonds to create long chains of carbon atoms.
The polymerization of ethylene is a fascinating process that occurs through addition polymerization. In this reaction, the double bond (C=C) present in each ethylene molecule breaks open, allowing thousands of these monomers to link together like a chain. The general reaction can be represented as: nCH₂=CH₂ → [-CH₂-CH₂-]n, where 'n' represents a very large number, often ranging from thousands to millions.
The process typically requires specific conditions to occur efficiently. High pressure (around 1000-3000 atmospheres) and elevated temperatures (150-300°C) are usually needed, along with catalysts like peroxides or metal catalysts such as Ziegler-Natta catalysts. These conditions help break the strong double bonds in ethylene and facilitate the formation of new single bonds between the monomers.
Depending on the polymerization conditions and catalysts used, we can obtain different types of polythene with varying properties. Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) is produced under high pressure and has a branched structure, making it flexible and transparent. High-density polyethylene (HDPE) is formed under lower pressure with specific catalysts, resulting in a more linear structure that's stronger and more rigid.
The versatility of polythene makes it incredibly useful in various applications. We encounter it daily in plastic bags, bottles, containers, pipes, and even bulletproof vests. The polymer's properties - such as chemical inertness, flexibility, and durability - make it an ideal material for packaging and storage purposes.
From an environmental perspective, while polythene is incredibly useful, its non-biodegradable nature poses challenges. This has led to increased focus on recycling and the development of biodegradable alternatives. Understanding the polymerization process helps us appreciate both the benefits and responsibilities that come with using plastic materials.
