Question

Phylogenetic system was given by
A. Engler and Prantl
B. Pliny
C. John Ray
D. R.H.Whittaker

Answer 1

Hint: The system of phylogenetic classification is built on evolutionary ancestry. It is based on life's evolution and illustrates the genetic relationships between species. Classifying species is called phylogenetic classification on the basis of descent from a common ancestor.

Complete Answer:
Two German botanists Adolph Engler (1844 - 1930) and Karl A Prantl jointly proposed one of the earliest phylogenetic methods of classification of the entire plant kingdom (1849 - 1893). They published their classification in 23 volumes of their monumental work "Die Natürlichen PflanzenFamilien" (1887- 1915)

On the American and European continents, the Engler method has been commonly used. Engler split the kingdom of plants into thirteen (13) divisions.

The Embryophyta Siphonogama is the thirteenth (13) division (the seed-bearing plants i.e., Spermatophyta). Gymnosperms and Angiosperms are divided into two subdivisions. The Angiospermae, Monocotyledonae and Dicotyledonae are classified into two groups. The Monocotyledonae Class is split directly into 11 Orders.

On the other hand, the class Dicotyledonae is divided into two subclasses, i.e. Archichlamydeae, lower dicotyledons, and higher dicotyledons, i.e. Monochlamydeae or Sympetalae. The Archichlamydeae are further divided into 33 Orders, and 11 Orders are divided into Monochlamydeae. The Orders are split into Subordinates, Families, Genera, and ultimately into Species.

The correct Answer is option (A)Engler and Prantl.

Note: In this scheme, 309 families belong to the Plant Kingdom. The Monocotyledonae class begins with the Typhaceae family and ends with the Orchidaceae family, while the Dicotyledonae family begins with the Casuarinaceae family and ends with the Compositae family.