Question

Philadelphia chromosome occur in patients suffering from
A. Leukemia
B. Rickets
C. Hepatitis
D. Albinism

Answer 1

Hint: Philadelphia chromosome is not an inborn mutation. It occurs in later life when chromosome 9 sticks to chromosome 22. It leads to a highly fatal kind of cancer which is not curable even by chemotherapy.

Complete Answer:
To solve this question we must know about the Philadelphia chromosome and the disease it causes.
Philadelphia chromosome is an abnormality of chromosome 22 in which part of chromosome 9 is transferred to it. Bone marrow cells that contain the Philadelphia chromosome are often found in chronic myelogenous leukemia and sometimes found in acute lymphocytic leukaemia. Ph not only impairs the physiological signaling pathways but also disrupts genomic stability.

Rickets- It is a bone disease which is caused due to insufficient mineralisation of growing bone due to breakdown of calcium, phosphorus or vitamin D.

Hepatitis-The inflammation of liver is known as hepatitis. It is mostly caused by viruses. It can also be an autoimmune disease. Other causes can be drugs, alcohol etc.

Albinism- It is a disease caused due to insufficient or no melanin pigment in our body. This condition is inheritable and affects hairs, eye, skin, vision.

Hence the correct answer is option D.

Note: The abnormality in the chromosome occurs if there is an error in the cell division(mitosis or meiosis). It occurs due to the presence of an extra chromosome or when a segment of chromosome is deleted or duplicated. There can be structural abnormalities in the chromosome which can lead to several mutations and diseases.