Question

What is permanent tissue? Describe the different types of simple permanent tissue.

Answer 1

Hint: Tissues are groups of cells that have a similar structure and act together to perform a specific function.

Complete answer:
In plants, tissues are classified into two groups on the basis of cell division capacity, – Meristematic and Permanent Tissue. Meristematic tissues are a mass of undifferentiated cells whose main function is to participate in plant growth.
Permanent tissues are differentiated tissues, carrying out dedicated functions. Some of which is to render mechanical strength to the plant, conduct or even to carry out photosynthesis. These tissues are originated, differentiated and derived from meristematic tissues.
Types of Permanent Tissue
Simple Permanent Tissue
->These are also known as homogenous tissues. They are made up of a single cell type, having the same origin, structure, and function.
->Simple permanent tissue is further classified into three types they are :-
Parenchyma
->The cells have an oval or round shape.
->The cell wall is made up of hemicellulose or cellulose.
->The cell is thin-walled.
->The cells have vacuoles and very small nuclei.
 Collenchyma
->Cells are long and thick-walled.
->The cell wall is made up of cellulose and pectin.
->It is found in the epidermis and the vascular bundle of dicot leaf.
->The amount of chloroplast is less in the cells.
 Sclerenchyma
->These are dead tissues, very hard and rigid in texture.
->Cells are thick-walled with various shapes and sizes.
->Complex permanent Tissue
The complex tissues are made up of various types of cells which carry out distinct functions and are of following two types:
a) Xylem
b) Phloem

Note: The function of xylem is
>It transports water and nutrients from the roots to the leaves of the plant.
>It provides support to the plants.
The function of Phloem is
>It translocates the prepared food from the leaves to different parts of the plant.
>It is also known as bast.