Question

Patients who have undergone organ transplants are given anti-rejection medications to
(a) Minimize infection.
(b) Stimulate B-macrophage cells.
(c) Prevent T-lymphocyte proliferation interaction.
(d) Adopt the HLA of the donor.

Answer 1

Hint: The anti-rejection medication is given to the patient that undergoes organ transplants to protect the organ from being rejected by the immune system of the patient.

Correct step by step answer:
The Patients who have undergone organ transplants are given anti-rejection medications to prevent T-lymphocyte proliferation interaction because these drugs allow the transplanted organ to remain healthy and free from damage by preventing our immune system from attacking or rejecting the donor organ.
- T cells are also known as T lymphocytes, they are very important for our immune system as they direct our body's immune response to the specific pathogens.
- These cells are generated in the thymus and are programmed to be specific for one particular foreign particle, that is, antigen. The T stands for ‘Thalamus’.
- After being released from the thalamus, the lymphocytes circulate throughout the body until they recognize their antigen on the surface of antigen- presenting cells (APCs), there the lymphocytes begin to synthesize DNA after cross-linking of their antigen receptor and then start attacking or rejecting the donor organ.
- Now this is the stage when anti-rejection medication is required. These drugs prevent the donor’s organ from rejection by controlling the expansion of T lymphocytes and lowering the strength of our immune system or the body's ability to reject a transplanted organ.
- The patient may need to take medications for being healthy and other health conditions also.
So, the correct answer is ’(c) Prevent T lymphocyte proliferation interaction’.

Note:
- The kidney was the first human organ to be transplanted successfully in the year 1954. The surgery was done by Dr. Joseph Murray He received the Nobel Prize in Medicine for his work.
- The anti-rejection drugs must be taken by the patient for the lifetime of their transplanted organ.
- The patient has to take other medications to help the anti-rejection drugs do their job or control their side effects.