Question

Pasteurisation is?
(a) Heating of liquid at 65℃
(b) Heating of liquid between 60℃-80℃
(c) Heating of solids at 65℃
(d) None of these

Answer 1

Hint: Louis Pasteur discovered the interplay between the time and temperature in order to prevent the food from being spoiled and in his honor, the process is named Pasteurisation. It is widely used to increase the shelf life of beverages and low acid foods.

Complete answer:
Pasteurization is a treatment that uses heat for a brief time in order to destroy the population of organisms that spoil the food or cause diseases. A precise heat- controlled procedure is followed in milk or any other heat - sensitive beverages. The process is named after Louis Pasteur, who first used heat for controlling the spoilage of the wine. In this process, milk is heated for 30 minutes at 63℃. The time may be decreased to 15 seconds but with a higher temperature of 71℃. Thus, the temperature and the time are the twin key requirements for killing the spoilage microorganisms and their spores, if any.
So, the correct answer is ‘ Heating of liquid between 60℃-80℃.’

Additional Information:
Control of microbial growth means to inhibit or prevent the growth of microorganisms. This can be achieved in two basic ways i.e either we kill the microorganisms or we inhibit their growth.
One can control the microbes by employing physical or chemical agents to kill them or prevent their growth. Cidal agents are the substances or procedures that kill bacteria while static agents are those that inhibit their growth.
Disinfectants are the chemicals that kill microorganisms and are used on inanimate objects. They can be phenolic compounds that denature a microbe’s proteins and disrupt cell membranes or they may be chlorine or hypochlorite compounds.
Antiseptics are also chemicals that kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms but it is safe to use on living tissues, unlike the disinfectants. E.g. Iodine solution that inactivates proteins of microbes.

Note:
Pasteurization does not kill all organisms and is therefore not synonymous with sterilization.
- In laboratories, sterilization is a common procedure to follow especially in the microbiology labs that deal with culture media of microorganisms.
- Sterilization involves the use of heat, radiation, or chemicals for complete destruction and elimination of all viable organisms and their resistant structures like endospore.