Question

Who passed the Bengal Tenancy Act in 1822?
A)Robert Clive
B)Warren Hastings
C)Lord Wellesley
D)Lord Cornwallis

Answer 1

Hint: In 1793, the permanent settlement gave absolute authority and rights to the zamindars who were the owners of land but the rights of the tenants were reduced and not defined properly. Hence, the lords increased the land revenues and rent in the nineteenth century. The tenants also known as Rayots were reluctant to accept the high demand for revenues and zamindari rent.

Complete answer: Let us go through the options- Option A: Robert Clive, is also known as Clive of India. He along with Warren Hastings is credited for expanding British supremacy in India. This is not the correct option.
Option B: In 1822, Warren Hastings, who served Firstly, as the governor of Bengal from 1772-1774 and then as Governor-General from 1774-1785. He passed The Bengal Tenancy Act. Under which the cultivators had the hereditary right of possession of the land till they paid the rent. From 1813 to 1823, was governed by Lord Hastings. When he took up charge the prestige of the company was low as faced threats from the Gorkhas of Nepal he exterminated the Pindaris from Central India and extended control over the Maratha empire. Warren Hastings was accompanied by John Malcolm, Thomas Monroe, Elphinstone and Sir Charles Metcalfe for bringing about socio-economic and political reforms in British India. For the north-western provinces, he suggested the Permanent settlement in terms of land reforms.
Option C: Lord Wellesley, is associated with the introduction of Subsidiary Alliance. This option is not correct.
Option D: Lord Cornwallis' career was military in nature as he was a British army officer and a diplomat. This option is not correct

Therefore, option b is the correct option.

Note: To control the unfair revenue collections by the middleman and Zamindars Sir Thomas Monroe, the Governor of Madras introduced the Ryotwari system in 1820. By which the ryots became the direct payers of revenue without the intervention of anyone.