Question

Passage of water across a selectively permeable membrane is
(a)Active transport
(b)Pinocytosis
(c)Facilitated diffusion
(d)Osmosis

Answer 1

Hint: This is the process in which solvent molecules happen to pass through a semipermeable membrane. The flow of the solvent molecules occurs from a solution that is less concentrated on a more concentrated solution.

Complete answer:
Let us go through the options which are given in the question the first option as you can see is active transport. Active transport is the transportation of molecules or maybe ions through a cell membrane into a solution having a higher concentration than the region from where the molecules or ions are coming. The second option is pinocytosis. Pinocytosis is a form of endocytosis, which is a process through which external substances are brought inside the cell through different mechanisms. Facilitated diffusion is a spontaneous process of passive transport of ions and molecules across the cell membrane through special kinds of integrated proteins inside the cell membrane. The last option, osmosis, is a method in which the solvent molecules tend to pass through a semipermeable membrane and this process is added by the concentration difference across them.

Additional Information: -In the process of endocytosis external materials try to get into the cell, they, at first come in contact with the cell membrane and then are surrounded by a bicycle and are gradually injected into the cell.
-Facilitated diffusion is quite different from that of simple diffusion methods. Facilitated diffusion tensor to rely on the binding of the incoming extracellular materials to the carrier proteins which are integrated into the cell membrane.
-Cell membrane is made up of phospholipid bilayers which are hydrophobic and in between them there is the presence of carrier proteins that are integrated there.
-Osmosis is simply dependent upon the process of diffusion in which the part having a high concentration of molecules when comes in contact with a part where the concentration of molecules are more and they are separated by a semipermeable membrane, the solution in the region of low concentration then passes to the part where the concentration is higher to equalize the concentration gradient.
So, the correct option is,” Osmosis”.

Note: -Osmosis to occur there must be a presence of a semipermeable membrane in between two solutions having a difference in their concentration gradient.
-The phospholipid bilayer hydrophobic in nature tends to refill any kind of water molecules which come near it.