Question

Particle nature and wave nature of electromagnetic waves and electrons can be represented by:
(A) photo-electricity and electron microscopy.
(B) light is refracted and diffracted.
(C) X-rays are diffracted, reflected by thick metal sheets.
(D) electrons having small mass, deflected by the metal sheet.

Answer 1

Hint: Certain properties of matter can only explain particle nature of matter. Similarly, certain properties of radiation can only explain wave nature. However, there are certain properties that can explain the dual nature of the particles and waves.

Complete answer:
Particle nature and wave nature of electromagnetic waves and electrons is called dual nature or wave particle dualism. According to this wave particle dualism, a wave can also exhibit particle behaviour and at the same time, a particle can also exhibit wave nature.
A vibration or disturbance describes the wave. The wave energy is either stationary or it is continuously moving. We can assign a frequency to the wave, so as to distinguish it from the particle.
We can characterize the particle by its mass, shape and physical dimensions.
Similar to a wave, a particle is either stationary or it is continuously moving. But unlike waves, we are sure about the position of the particle in space.
We cannot assign a frequency to the particle.
Particle nature and wave nature of electromagnetic waves and electrons can be represented by photo-electricity and electron microscopy. Photoelectricity illustrates the particle nature of waves. A photon is a wave particle. Electron microscopy represents the wave behaviour of a particle.

Hence, the correct option is the option (A).

Note: According to the de−Broglie hypothesis, the following equation gives the relationship between the wavelength and momentum of a moving particle.
\[\lambda = \dfrac{h}{p}\]
Here \[\lambda \] represents the wavelength, h represents the Planck’s constant and p represents the momentum of the moving particle.