Question

Our Constitution came into force on ________.
A.Aug 15, 1947
B.Jan 26, 1950
C.Oct 2, 1948
D.Nov 26, 1949

Answer 1

Hint: The process of evolution of the Indian Constitution started several decades ago during the struggle for independence but it was drafted and adopted post-independence. People had realised that to ensure responsible self-governance in place of colonial rule, there was a need to adopt and enact a written constitution that would serve as the highest law of the land and uphold the democratic spirit of the nation.

Complete Step by Step answer: Option A: Aug 15, 1947, is incorrect because this is when India achieved independence from British colonial rule. The elections to the Constituent Assembly were held in 1946 and the Constituent Assembly of undivided India first met in December of the same year. However, the Drafting Committee was not formally constituted until after independence, which was then tasked with drafting and adopting the Constitution of free India.
Option B: Jan 26, 1950, is correct since the Constitution of India formally came into effect on this day. It replaced the Government of India Act of 1935 as the governing document of India. Republic Day in India is observed on Jan 26 every year since 1950 to mark the significance of India transitioning into an independent republic.
Option C: Oct 2, 1948, is incorrect.
Option D: Nov 26, 1949, is incorrect since this marks the date on which the Constituent Assembly formally adopted the Constitution of India which consisted of 395 articles and 8 schedules.

Note: Do not confuse the dates of adoption of the Indian Constitution and the Constitution coming into effect fully. Few important provisions of the Constitution came into force immediately after the adoption. These were provision relating to citizenship and elections, provision relating to parliament and provision relating temporary and transitional features. All other provisions came into effect later.