Question

Operation Flood is also known as _?
A) Green Revolution
B) White Revolution
C) Blue Revolution
D) Industrial Revolution

Answer 1

Hint:
On 13 January 1970, Operation Flood was launched in India. It is a successful landmark project of India's National Dairy Development Board (NDDB). Operation Flood is the world's largest dairy development program to date. This program has transformed India from a milk deficient nation into the world's largest milk producer, thus surpassing the production of the United States of America in 1998.

Complete solution:
 Objectives of Operation Flood:
- To Increase milk production.
- Increase in rural incomes.
- Equal and fair prices for consumers.
- To Increase income and reduce poverty among the participating farmers while ensuring a steady supply of milk in return.
Program implementation:
Operation Flood was implemented in three phases:
- Phase I (1970–1980) was financed by the European Economic Community (EEC). The money came from the sale of skimmed milk powder and butter oil, donated through the World Food Program (WFP).

- Operation Flood Phase II (1981–1985) increased the number of milk-sheds drastically from 18 to 136. Urban markets increased the milk outlets to 290. This phase II created a self-sustaining system of 43,000 village co-operatives covering around 4,250,000 milk producers during the end of 1985.

- Phase III (1985–1996) gave a successful ending to this project. This project created a dairy movement after adding 30,000 new dairy co-operatives to the 43,000 existing co-operatives. It gave power and strength to the co-operatives to expand and strengthen the infrastructure required to procure and increase volumes of milk.
The engine behind the success of the program is the Anand Pattern Experiment that took place in Amul, which is a dairy co-operative. Operation Flood is also known as the White Revolution.

Hence, the correct answer is option B.

Note:
Operation Flood was the largest dairy movement so far. Mr. Verghese Kurien is considered the backbone of this project. Operation Flood can be portrayed as a twenty-year experiment confirming the Rural Development Vision.