Question

One of the main features of the Regulating Act is :
A.It led to the creation of a federal structure.
B. Formation of religion-based electoral constituencies.
C. Establishment of the Supreme Court.
D. The Bicameral Government system was introduced in provinces.

Answer 1

Hint: The Regulating Act of 1773 which was formerly known as the East India Company Act 1772 was an Act which was established for the better management of the East India Company.

Complete answer: The Regulating Act of 1773, was the first-ever act that brought major changes in the administration and justice. The basic objectives of implementing the Act of 1773 were:
-To control the policies of the East India Company.
-To sort the issues created by the dual system of the government.
-To remove political power from the trading company.
-To bring anti-corruption policies.
- To provide new administrative measures which will provide a central administrative system.
The chief features of the Regulating Act were:
- Introduction of the office of Governor-General of Bengal - Lord Warren Hastings was the first person to be appointed for this designation.
- Formation of Executive council - An Executive Council consisting of four members was created to help the Governor-General of Bengal.
-Subordinates - The governors of Bombay and Madras were made subordinates to Bengal thus establishing Bengal as the complete authority.
- Establishment of the Supreme Court - The Supreme Court was established in Calcutta at Fort William in the year 1774. It comprised of 1 Chief Justice and 3 other judges. The jurisdiction of the court extended to all areas under Bombay, Madras and Bengal presidency. The first Chief Justice was Sir Elijah Impey.
Therefore, option C is the correct answer.

Note: Although the Act is considered as an important event in the Indian legal history still it failed to create the impact as it was unable to resolve the issues that prevailed during those times also, it failed to address the issues of the native Indians who were the major sufferers.