Question

One can sense colors only in bright light.

Answer 1

Hint: In human beings, there are five senses. They are the sense of sight, hearing, smell, touch, and taste. Here we take the sense of sight and the organ that helps insight is the eye. The human eye is the complex sense organ that human beings possess. It helps us to differentiate various colors and identify them separately.

Complete step by step solution:
The muscles of the eyes or the retina have both rods and cones, which helps a person to see in dim and bright lights. If we stand in the bright light the iris muscles contract and the pupils constrict so that less light is permitted through the eye and the cone cells are active. But when we move to a darker room, the eyes take time to adapt and the muscles of the iris take time to dilate the pupil and the cone cells remain inactive so that further light can enter into it. This duration taken is called dark adaptation. Therefore we will be able to identify different colors and differentiate them in the presence of light.

Note:
The dark adaptation function has two branches for both cones and the rod receptors. In their outer segments, the receptors have photopigments. When the light falls on these pigments, they absorb them and undergo changes which help in stopping the visual signals going to the brain. Where the place is bright the highly sensitive rod photopigments undergo bleaching. They will become transparent and only the cone cells will remain functioning to feed information to the brain which is the phototransduction. Rhodopsin is said to be the technical name for rod photopigment.