Question

What is observed when \[2{\text{ }}ml\] of dilute hydrochloric acid is added to one gram of sodium carbonate taken in a clean and dry test tube? Write the chemical equation for the reaction involved.

Answer 1

Hint: Always remember, when any metal carbonate reacts with any of the strong acids then it produces Salt and Water along with the release of Carbon dioxide.

Complete step by step solution:
When we add \[2{\text{ }}ml\] of dilute hydrochloric acid to one gram of sodium carbonate reacting is a type of neutralization reaction where a strong acid (\[HCl\]) reacts with the strong base (\[N{a_2}C{O_3}\]) to form a neutral salt of \[NaCl\]. This reaction also releases carbon dioxide.
So, one can observe a brisk effervescence due to the strong evolution of \[C{O_2}\] ​ gas.
Hence, a brisk effervescence is observed due to the evolution of \[C{O_2}\]​ gas upon adding dilute \[HCl\] to \[N{a_2}C{O_3}\] ​ taken in a clean and dry test tube.

Additional information:
During the reaction, the Carbon dioxide is evolved with a brisk effervescence and blue litmus paper turns Faint Red when it is brought near it.
This reaction also produces a neutral and a stable liquid. Therefore, water which usually doesn't have any effect on Litmus paper is produced.

Note: We must know that carbon dioxide generation during chemical reaction generally shows bubbling in test tubes and strong effervescences or vapour formation.
When \[dil.{\text{ }}HCl\] and sodium carbonate reacts, it produces sodium chloride and carbonic acid (\[{H_2}C{O_3}\]). Carbonic acid is a very unstable compound so it splits into water and carbon dioxide immediately and thus we can observe effervescences of \[C{O_2}\].