Question

Nitrogen atom of the amino group is $\_\_\_\_\_\_\_$ hybridized.
A: $sp$
B: $s{p^2}$
C: $s{p^3}$
D: $s{p^3}d$

Answer 1

Hint: $VSEPR$ theory plays an important role in predicting the shape, geometry and hybridization of a molecule. $VSEPR$ theory is valence shell electron pair repulsion theory. Hybridisation involves intermixing of two or more orbitals of slightly different energies but of same atom so that redistribution of energy takes place between them resulting in the formation of an equal number of new orbitals.

Complete step by step answer:
In this question we have to find the hybridization of nitrogen atoms of the amino group. Hybridization is the intermixing of atomic orbitals of slightly different energies (but the orbitals should be of the same atom) takes place. This intermixing results in the formation of an equal number of new orbitals with the same energy but this energy is different from the parent orbital.
Amines are functional groups that contain basic nitrogen atoms with a lone pair. Amines are derivatives of ammonia. Formula of ammonia is $N{H_3}$. In amines one or more hydrogen of ammonia is replaced with alkyl or aryl group. As amines are derivatives of ammonia but the difference is that hydrogen atoms of ammonia are replaced with alkyl or aryl groups. This means like ammonia amines will also have three bond pairs and one lone pair. According to $VSEPR$ theory if an atom has three bond pairs and one lone pair then it will possess $s{p^3}$ hybridization. This means the nitrogen atom of the amino group is $s{p^3}$ hybridised.
So, the correct answer is option C.

Note:
According to $VSEPR$ theory if an atom has three bond pairs and one lone pair then it will have trigonal pyramidal geometry. This means the geometry of the amino group is trigonal pyramidal and the shape of the molecule will be tetrahedral.