Question

What is the nature of chemical bonding between \[{{Cs}}\]and \[{{F}}\]?
A) Ionic
B) Covalent
C) Coordinate
D) Metallic

Answer 1

Hint: The nature of bonding between elements or atoms depend upon their outer electronic configuration. The ionic bonding is formed by the complete transfer of these valence electrons in between two bonded atoms. This type of ionic bond is formed in between metals and nonmetals.

Complete step by step answer:
Elements or atoms take part in a reaction in order to have a stable outer electronic configuration. Most of the atoms do so because they need an octet in their outermost shell. Here we have the two elements namely Caesium (\[{{Cs}}\]) and Fluorine (\[{{F}}\]). When we check the electronic configurations of these two elements, thereby we can identify the type of bonding between these elements.
First, we are taking the case of Caesium. Caesium has the atomic number 55 and the electronic configuration of Caesium will be as follows;
\[{{Cs - [Xe] 6}}{{{s}}^{{1}}}\]
Caesium is an alkali metal and it is electropositive, that is, it readily loses electrons than gaining one. Usually alkali metals have \[{{ + 1}}\] oxidation state. Therefore, Caesium will also have the same \[{{ + 1}}\] oxidation state.
Now let’s analyse the case of Fluorine having atomic number 9 and having the electronic configuration as;
\[{{F - 1}}{{{s}}^{{2}}}{{2}}{{{s}}^{{2}}}{{2}}{{{p}}^{{5}}}\]
Here we can see that Fluorine will have a fully filled p-orbital if it gains one more electron. Being a halogen and having a position at the top in the group of halogens, Fluorine is the most electronegative atom and will gain one electron to have a \[{{ - 1}}\] oxidation state as other halogens do
Therefore, we can see that Caesium has \[{{ + 1}}\] oxidation state and Fluorine has \[{{ - 1}}\] oxidation state. So the bond between them will be an ionic bond as there will be ion formation of each element by gaining and losing electrons.
Therefore, the answer is ionic bonds.

So, the correct answer is Option A.

Note: Electropositive elements usually lose electrons and they have a positive oxidation state. Electronegative elements gain electrons and will have negative oxidation states.
ionic bonds are formed when elements gain or lose electrons. Covalent bonds occur when there occurs the sharing of electrons. It usually happens in the case of organic compounds.