Question

$ {\text{NaOH}} + {\text{C}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}}{\text{COOH}} \to {\text{C}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}}{\text{COONa}} + {{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O}} $
This reaction is called:
(A) Oxidation reaction
(B) Hydrogenation reaction
(C) Neutralisation reaction
(D) Addition reaction

Answer 1

Hint: In aqueous solutions, an acid can donate a proton and a base can accept that proton to produce water and salt. Using this information, we can easily identify the given reaction.

Complete step by step solution:
(A) When any element increases its oxidation number in a reaction, it is called an oxidation reaction. In the given reaction, the oxidation number of each element remains the same. Therefore, this reaction is not an example of oxidation reaction.
(B) Addition of hydrogen in unsaturated organic compounds is known as hydrogenation. It is clear that the given reaction is not an example of hydrogenation reaction.
(D) When there is addition of two or more reactants to produce a compound, it is termed as an additional reaction. In the given reaction, there is displacement and substitution of elements. Therefore, the given reaction is not an example of an additional reaction.
(C) We know that, out of the given reactants, $ {\text{NaOH}} $ is a base and $ {\text{C}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}}{\text{COOH}} $ is an acid. Bronsted acids can donate $ {{\text{H}}^ + } $ and Bronsted base can accept this $ {{\text{H}}^ + } $ to produce $ {{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O}} $ . Also, $ {\text{N}}{{\text{a}}^ + } $ substitutes to produce $ {\text{C}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}}{\text{COONa}} $ , which is a salt. In this reaction, both acid and base try to neutralise the effect of each other. Therefore, this reaction is a neutralisation reaction.
Hence, the correct option is (C).

Note:
The given acid is a weak acid but the base is a strong one. Therefore, complete neutralisation will not occur in this reaction. But we call this given reaction a partial neutralisation reaction.