Question

Name the various means of irrigation used in our country.

Answer 1

Hint:
-Any water source that can provide water for crops consistently around all the seasons can be the means of irrigation.
-For different crops, the frequency, rate, amount and time of irrigation are different and also vary according to soil types and seasons.
-Summer crops, for instance, require a greater amount of water compared with winter crops. Two different approaches can be used for irrigation: traditional methods and modern methods.

Complete answer:
India is a nation that is agricultural. Around 70% of its inhabitants rely on agriculture. Watering is important for the crops. Without water, agriculture is not possible. Irrigation is known as the irrigation of crops. In our country, there are numerous means of irrigation used.

The means of irrigation in our country are as follows:

Tanks In the lowlands, rain water gathers in the form of tanks and ponds. This is probably India's oldest means of irrigation. In the Deccan Plateau and in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu, this method of irrigation is used. Massive tanks to irrigate the land have been built. Around 12 percent of the agricultural land is irrigated in India by tanks.

Wells The rivers and streams wash down much of the rain water. The soil soaks up some of the water. On the hard rocky bed under the dirt, it goes on gathering. Wells and tube-wells introduce this underground water to the surface. A wide and deep hole is formed up to the water level on the surface of the earth. These are referred to as Artesian wells. The water accumulates in the wells.

Tube-wells This is the means of irrigation in the plain areas of about 40 percent of the land. A deep bore is formed on the surface of the earth up to the water table. Inside this bore, a pipe or a tube is attached.

To pump out water through this tube or pipe, an electric pump-set or a diesel pump-set is used. It is referred to as a tube-well. In the Gangetic Plain or the Northern Fertile Plain, this is the most widely used means of irrigation. Tube-wells in Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar & West Bengal are mainly used for irrigation.

Canals Canals are a source of irrigation for nearly 40 percent of India's agricultural land. In Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and Northern Rajasthan, canals are used to irrigate the soil.

Dams:Dams are massive, raised walls constructed across the rivers to contain water. The river water pools in the form of a lake and if possible, it is taken by canals to irrigate the fields.

Also, Two methods are involved in the modern means of irrigation:
>Sprinkler device: As the name implies, a sprinkler system sprinkles water over the crop and helps to disperse water uniformly.
>Drip system: In the drip system, a hose or pipe is used to supply water drop by drop precisely at the roots. In regions where water availability is lower, this approach can also be used.

Note:
-Irrigation should be optimal since the output of crops can be ruined even by over-irrigation.
-Since roots do not tolerate standing water, excess water contributes to waterlogging, impedes germination, increases salt concentration and de-rooting.
-There are various forms of irrigation that are used to increase crop yield. Based on the various types of soils, ecosystems, crops and resources, these types of irrigation systems are introduced.