Question

Name the three kinds of muscles in the human body giving one example of each.

Answer 1

Hint: Muscle is the primary tissue of the body which helps in the contraction. Whenever muscle cells contract, it results in some sort of movement. Skeletal, Smooth and Cardiac are the three types of muscles found in the human body.

Complete answer:
A muscle is composed of thousands of elastic fibres packed with each other. Each bundle is wrapped in a membrane called perimysium. A single muscle fibre is composed of bars of proteins known as myofibrils which has a special protein called myoglobin and different molecules which gives the oxygen and energy useful for the muscle contraction. Myofibrils contain filaments which start folding when there is a signal for contraction resulting in the reduction of length of muscle fibre which in turn reduces the whole muscle.
Muscle tissue has different functions like it helps in maintaining the posture, body temperature protecting the soft tissues inside the body cavity, saving the entrance and exit of the body. Three types of Muscle tissue are:
> Skeletal muscle: are cylindrical shaped with different nuclei each. The muscles are very long in length around 30 cm. It contains striation or strips when looked under the microscope. Skeletal muscle tissue is attached to bones and is supplied with the motor nerves which allows the movement. Each muscle cell has individual motor nerve endings. These are also called voluntary muscles as they are under our conscious control. These muscles develop a good amount of heat which is helpful in maintaining the constant temperature of the body.
Functions: It is helpful in the breathing process and these muscles in pairs brings the coordinated movement of limbs, eyeballs etc. Example- Arms and legs: The muscle belonging to arms and legs function in pairs.
> Cardiac muscle: are branched, contains one nuclei each and faint striations. These are joined to one another at the ends by an intercalated disc. It is a disc which helps to contract the cardiac muscles cell so that the heart can work properly as a pump. Unlike skeletal muscles these are involuntary as these are controlled by the central nervous system. Cardiac muscles are also known as myocardium which forms the four chambers of the heart. The contraction in myocardium produces blood pressure and makes the blood circulation proper. Example-Cardiac muscle is only found in the heart.
> Smooth muscle: are small tapered cells with only one nuclei each without striations. Smooth muscles are also known as visceral muscles which means internal organs constituting the smooth muscle. Mainly found in the hollow organs like stomach, urinary bladder etc. The eyes also contain smooth muscle which constrict or dilate the pupil and therefore change the lens shape. Smooth muscles are involuntary in nature as the motion happens without our conscious.
Example- Stomach, uterus

Note: There are around 600 muscle cells found in the human body. Muscle tissue requires minerals, electrolytes, calcium, and magnesium for the proper functioning. The brain, nerves and skeletal muscles function together for the movement and are collectively known as neuromuscular systems.