Question

Name the scientist who introduced ABO blood groups.
A) Wiener
B) Levine
C) Fisher
D) Landsteiner

Answer 1

Hint: The absence or the presence of the antigens A and B, which are found on the surface of red blood cells, determines the ABO blood group system, which classifies human blood depending on the inherited features of red blood cells (erythrocytes).

Complete answer:
To know the correct answer let us look into the explanation of the given options:
A) Wiener : Alexander S. Wiener was the scientist who discovered the Rhesus factor. Rhesus (Rh) factor is a protein that is present on the surface of red blood cells that is hereditary. Hence this is not the correct answer.

B) Levine: Phoebus Levine was the person who discovered the components of nucleic acids. Nucleic acid is a complex organic material found in living cells, especially RNA OR DNA, whose molecules are made up of a long chain of nucleotides. Hence this is not the correct answer.

C) Fisher: Sir Ronald Aylmer Fisher was the scientist who revealed that Mendelian genetics is a key underlying function of Darwinian evolution. Hence this is not the correct answer.

D) Landsteiner: The Nobel Prize was awarded to Karl Landsteiner for the discovery of the human blood group system. The appearance or lack of hereditary antigenic compounds on the surface of red blood cells is used to classify blood types. Based on the blood group system, the antigens may be different proteins. Hence this is the correct answer.

Therefore, the correct option is (D) Landsteiner i.e, The scientist who introduced ABO blood groups is Landsteiner.

Note: O, A, B, or AB are all possible ABO blood groups. The genes we get from our parents decide our blood type. Another compound that may or may not be found on the surface of red blood cells is the Rh antigen. The Rh test determines whether this structure is present on an individual's blood cells ("Rh-positive") or absent ("Rh-negative").