Question

Name the process in yeast that converts sugars into alcohol?

Answer 1

Hint: Yeast are single-celled eukaryotic microorganisms that have long been used in winemaking, baking, and brewing. Many key proteins in human biology were first found by looking at their yeast counterparts.
Today, yeasts, particularly S. cerevisiae and other non-saccharomyces yeasts, are increasingly exploited for heterologous enzyme and medicinal protein production. Yeasts play a crucial role in environmental applications such as bioremediation and heavy metal removal from wastewaters.

Complete answer:
Fermentation: Fermentation is an anaerobic chemical process that breaks down molecules like glucose. Fermentation, in a broader sense, is the foaming that occurs during the production of wine and beer, a process that dates back at least 10,000 years.
So, the process in yeast that converts sugars into alcohol is known as fermentation.
Optimum condition for fermentation:
Temperatures between \[{90^o}F{\text{ }}and{\text{ }}{95^o}F{\text{ }}\left( {{{32}^o}C{\text{ }}and{\text{ }}{{35}^o}C} \right)\] are ideal for yeast fermentation. Fermentation is slowed by every degree above this range. While high temperatures are an issue in all stages of ethanol production, they are more dangerous in the last stages of fermentation.
Importance of Fermentation: Fermentation kills many unwanted germs and toxins in foods while also introducing helpful microbes. To aid digestion, these bacteria create new enzymes. Soy products, dairy products, cereals, and some vegetables are among the foods that benefit from fermentation.

Note:
Application of Fermentation: Yogurt and curd are created by bacteria such as Streptococcus and Lactobacillus species fermenting milk. Beer, wine, brandy, whisky, and other alcoholic beverages are generated through yeast fermentation of grains, grapes, rice, and other ingredients. Dough fermented by yeast is also used to make bread.