Question

Name the main artery which takes the blood from the heart to different parts of the body?

Answer 1

Hint: Arteries are blood vessels which carry blood from the heart to different tissues of the body. Arteries are thick walled lined by smooth tissues. The largest artery in the human body is the aorta which connects to the heart and is extended into the abdomen.

Complete answer:
Arteries are blood vessels which carry the blood from the heart to different parts of the body. The blood arteries are rich in oxygen. Aorta is the largest artery in the body, and also one of the important arteries. It is connected to the left ventricle of the heart’s chamber. The blood is pumped by the heart from the left ventricle into the aorta through an aortic valve. The wall of aorta is made up of several layers.
-The intima- it is the innermost layer which provides a smooth surface for the blood to flow
-The media- as the name suggests, it is a middle layer which constitutes muscle and elastic fibers. It allows the aorta to expand and contract.
-The adventitia- outermost layer. It provides shape and support to the aorta.

The main function of aorta is to supply blood but other than that it has many other functions.
-The ascending aorta connects to the aortic valve and collects oxygenated blood from the left ventricle.
-The aortic arch gives rise to many carotid arteries and subclavian arteries which carry the blood.
-The descending aorta has smaller arteries branching from it which supply blood to esophagus, diaphragm, lymph nodes and other parts of the chest.
-The abdominal aorta gives rise to arteries which supply blood to the liver, spleen, stomach, kidneys, etc.

Note: There are several complications associated with the aorta. They are aortic aneurysm, aortic dissection, etc. Aortic aneurysm is the most common. It occurs when aorta is not able to contract or expand, thus, causing irregular supply of blood.