Question

Name the hormone secreted by the thyroid, write its function. Why is iodized salt advisable to us?

Answer 1

Iodine from the food is taken by thyroid gland to form thyroid hormones.

Complete answer:
The thyroid gland constitutes an endocrine system and produces thyroid hormones, which are important for metabolic health.
The thyroid gland secretes two hormones:
1. Thyroxine (tetraiodothyronine or T 4 )
2. Triiodothyronine or T 3
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) stimulates the synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones from the thyroid gland.

The function of thyroid hormones
- It controls and stimulates the rate of metabolic activities.
- They help in the regulation of oxygen in various body parts.
- They help in protein synthesis.
- They regulate growth and development.
- It enhances blood flow to many organs.
- It controls heart rate, muscle, and digestive system.
- It develops the brain and maintains bones.

Importance of iodized salt
- Iodine is necessary for the secretion of thyroid hormones from the thyroid gland.
- Iodine is important in diet or else it may cause iodine deficiency.
- The deficiency of iodine may lead to swelling in the neck region called a goitre.
- Overproduction of thyroid and deficiency of iodine may also lead to hypothyroidism.
- The thyroid gland is under the influence of the Central Nervous System where both increased and decreased concentrations of thyroid hormones lead to alterations in mental health.

Note: Endocrine glands are ductless glands of the endocrine system that secrete their products, hormones, directly into the blood. Its major glands include the pineal gland, pituitary gland, pancreas, ovaries, testes, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, hypothalamus, and adrenal glands.