Question

Name the factor determining the climate of India.

Answer 1

Hint: Climatic conditions of a region are more permanent in nature and are developed over millions of years affected by various factors. India has several climatic subtypes from arid deserts in the west to alpine tundra in the north to tropical wet in the south-west and islands to subtropical humid in the northeast.

Complete step by step solution:
The most determining factor for the climate in any region including India is the location of latitudes. Being closer to the equator and with the tropic of cancer passing through the middle of India, it generally has a tropical climate. The country is located between 8°4'N and 37°6’N latitudes. The southern landmass also bulges into a peninsula giving the country a long coastline. Regions located near the coast have a maritime climate where temperatures are more or less constant during the year, whereas regions located away from the coast have a continental climate which has more extremes in temperature. The location of the Himalayas in the north and the Thar desert in the west also play an important role in influencing climatic conditions in the subcontinent. The Himalayas act as a barrier for the cold Central Asian winds which allows a pleasant warmer climate and fertile land in the Indo-Gangetic plains. The Thar desire attracts the moisture-laden winds from the Arabian Sea that causes around four months of monsoon in the plains and the western coast.

Note: India has four seasons— winter between the months of December to February, Summer that lasts from March to May, Monsoon lasts from June to September and autumn during October and November.