Question

Name the coding sequence of eukaryotic genes.

Answer 1

Hint: Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA sequence consists of genic and intergenic regions. Coding regions represent the conserved part of genomes. A key feature of the structure of eukaryotic genes is that their transcripts are typically sub-divided into exon and intron regions.

Complete answer:
A gene is transcribed from DNA into RNA, which can either be non – coding with a direct function or an intermediate messenger ( m – RNA ) that is translated into protein. Every gene requires multiple sequence elements to be functional. Genes contain the information necessary for living cells to survive and reproduce.There are both coding and non coding segments.
The identification of protein coding regions ( exons ) plays a critical role in eukaryotic gene structure prediction. Many techniques have been introduced for discriminating between the exons and the introns in the eukaryotic DNA sequences. All living organisms can be divided into two categories according to their fundamental cell structures: prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In prokaryotes the coding genes, which are in charge of protein synthesis are long and continuous. But in eukaryotes genes consist of coding segments interrupted by long non coding segments. These coding segments are termed as exons and non coding segments as introns. Indeed, the intron regions of a gene can be considerably longer than the exon regions

Note: Predicting conserved regions is also important to study evolution and predict phylogenetic trees. Key differences in gene structure between eukaryotes and prokaryotes reflect their divergent transcription and translation machinery. Understanding gene structure is the foundation of understanding gene annotation, expression and function.