Question

Name some of the irrigation canal systems in India.

Answer 1

Hint: Canals cover 27.5 percent of total irrigation by irrigation. Uttar Pradesh is the maximum portion of the total irrigated area of the country by canals. Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab and Bihar are other important states where irrigation is carried out by canals. The Inundation Canal and the Perennial Canals are two types.

Complete Answer:
Irrigation canal - An irrigation canal is a hydraulic device whose main purpose is to transmit water to various users from a source (dam and river). Dams used for irrigation projects help generate electricity and transport facilities, as well as provide a growing population with drinking water supplies, control flooding and prevent droughts.

Canal System for Irrigation in India:
- Irrigation in India helps to improve food security, reduce monsoon dependence, improve agricultural productivity and create opportunities for rural employment.
- In India, irrigation involves a network of major and minor Indian river canals, well-based groundwater networks, tanks, and other agricultural rainwater harvesting projects. Of these the biggest is the groundwater system.

Canals are categorized as perennial canals and inundation canals.
1. Inundation canals: When they overflow due to flooding, they are fed by rivers.
2. Perennial canals: during the year, they have water.
Punjab Bari Doab Canal, Indira Gandhi Canal, beginning in Punjab and finishing in the Thar Desert, Himachal Pradesh Bhakra Canal, Eastern and Western Yamuna Canals, Ganga Canal, Uttar Pradesh Agra and Sharda Canal, etc.

Major Canal System for Irrigation in India:
1. Sahind Canal: The Punjab and Haryana areas are irrigated by it.
2. Indira Gandhi Canal: In Rajasthan, it irrigates the Ganganagar, Bikaner, Jodhpur and Jaisalmer districts.
3. Triveni Canal: In Bihar, it irrigates the ground.
4. Sarda Canal: In Uttar Pradesh, it irrigates the ground.
5. Eden Canal: It has been separated from the Damodar River in West Bengal.
6. Tilpara Dam Canal: It irrigates the West Bengal area.
7. Mutha Canal: Removed from the Mutha River near Khadakwasla (Pune) in Maharashtra.
8. Sampad Sagar Canal: The Andhra Pradesh areas are irrigated.
9. Anicut Canal: This is taken from one of India's oldest canals, the Kaveri River.

Note: With an approximate length of about 643 km the Indira Gandhi canal is India's largest canal project. It is also known as the Rajasthan feeder, as it does not supply water to Punjab and mainly supplies water to Rajasthan. The Upper Bari Doab Canal (UBDC), one of India's oldest canals, was first constructed by Emperor Shah Jehan in 1693 to bring water from Madhopur to Lahore from the River Ravi. In the 19th century, Maharaja Ranjit Singh made changes to the canals.