Question

“Multistage rockets reduce fuel consumption” How? Explain

Answer 1

Hint: Fuel consumption of a rocket depends on the total mass of the rocket. Because of additional thrust by releasing gases and due to loss of mass the rocket goes up. The more the mass, the more will be fuel consumption.

Complete step by step answer:
In multistage rockets, there are small-small rockets fitted with the main large rockets. These small rockets once play their role they will lift off from the main rocket. Now during the take-off the mass of the rocket is very high, as we move up these small rockets will help in providing accelerating force and once the rocket reaches outer space these lift off from it thereby reducing the mass of the rocket and because of this further rocket takes less fuel to operate. Each stage only needs to achieve part of the final velocity and is discarded after it burns its fuel. The result is that each successive stage can have smaller engines and more payloads relative to its fuel. Once out of the atmosphere, the ratio of payload to fuel becomes more favorable, too.
Due to this reduction in mass of the rocket continuously the multistage rockets are very fuel-efficient and reduce fuel consumption.

Additional Information:
The two main types of rocket fuel used on modern rockets are liquid and solid
Liquid Fuels: Liquid propellants separate fuel and oxidizers and the two are combined in a combustion chamber where they burn and are fired out from the base of the rocket. Example. Petroleum, cryogens, or hypergolics.
Solid rocket fuels are those in which the fuel and oxidizer compounds are already combined. Example. Aluminum powder, ammonium perchlorate, iron powder (used as a catalyst for the reaction.)

Note:
Keep in mind that in multistage rockets its weight is reduced to about half once they reach outer space, which helps in fuel consumption drastically.