Question

Momentum is a measure of quantity of
    A. motion
    B. friction
    C. gravitation
    D. electric force

Answer 1

Hint: The amount of momentum the object has is dependent upon the product of two variables: mass and velocity. It is a conserved vector quantity. The object at rest does not have any momentum.

Complete step-by-step answer:
Momentum depends upon the two variables. They are mass and velocity. The momentum of an object is equal to the product of the mass of the object and velocity of the object. The symbol for the value of momentum is ‘P’. The equation is given as,
P = m × v
$\vec { P } =m\vec { v }$, which can also be written as $\Delta \vec { P } =\vec { F } \Delta t$
where ‘m’ and ‘v’ are the mass and velocity of the assumed object. The momentum is directly proportional to the mass and the velocity of the object. The Standard unit for momentum is kgm/s. There are also many other units like kg.km/hr and g.cm/s. A mass unit is multiplied by a velocity unit to produce a momentum unit. Momentum may be a vector quantity, as it has both magnitude and direction. The direction of momentum vector is similar to the direction of velocity of the object.
Momentum can also be referred to as linear momentum or translation momentum. Newton’s second law of motion states about the rate of change of object’s momentum which is equal to the force acting on it. Momentum is used in different areas of physics like classical mechanics, electromagnetism, general relativity and electrodynamics. Massive objects have high momentum than lighter objects and fast-moving objects have high momentum than slow moving objects. Kinetic energy also can be expressed in terms of momentum,
$KE=\dfrac { { P }^{ 2 } }{ 2m }$
Where, ‘P’ is that the momentum and ‘m’ is that the mass of the assumed object.
Therefore, the correct answer for the given question is option(A).

Note: If a collision occurs in an isolated system, the momentum of objects is said to be conserved. The total amount of momentum of objects in the system is the same after the collision as before the collision. This is known as the law of conservation of momentum.