Question

How many moles of hydrochloric acid(\[{\text{HCl}}\]) would it take to completely neutralize one mole of aluminium hydroxide \[{\text{Al}}{\left( {{\text{OH}}} \right)_{\text{3}}}\]?

Answer 1

Hint:Determine the yield means we have to determine the amount of the substance. In a chemical reaction, the yield is determined by using the stoichiometry between the reactants and the products.Stoichiometry is nothing but the mole ratio of reactants and products involved in the balanced chemical reaction.

Complete step-by-step answer:Here, we can write the reaction between the hydrochloric acid and the aluminium hydroxide is as follows:
${\text{Al}}{\left( {{\text{OH}}} \right)_{\text{3}}}\,{\text{ + }}\,{\text{3HCl}}\, \to {\text{AlC}}{{\text{l}}_{\text{3}}}\,{\text{ + }}\,{\text{3}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O}}$
It is a neutralization reaction in which base aluminium hydroxide reacts with hydrochloric acid and produces salt aluminium chloride and water.The mole ratio between the reactants and products is as follows:
${\text{Al}}{\left( {{\text{OH}}} \right)_{\text{3}}}\,{\text{:}}\,\,\,{\text{HCl}}\,\,\,\,:{\text{AlC}}{{\text{l}}_{\text{3}}}\,:\,\,{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O}}$
\[{\text{2}}\,\,{\text{mol}}\,\,:\,\,3\,\,{\text{mol}}\,\,{\text{:}}\,\,1\,\,{\text{mol}}\,\,{\text{:}}\,\,3\,{\text{mol}}\]
The stoichiometric mole ratio indicates 3 moles of the hydrochloric acid are required to neutralise one mole of aluminium hydroxide.
\[{\text{Al}}{\left( {{\text{OH}}} \right)_{\text{3}}}\,{\text{:}}\,\,\,{\text{HCl}}\]
\[1\,\,{\text{mol}}\,\,{\text{:}}\,\,3\,{\text{mol}}\]
Therefore, three moles of hydrochloric acid are required to completely neutralise the one mole of the aluminium oxide.

Note:The mole ratio obtained from the balanced chemical reaction is very useful to determine the amount of the species in the reaction.We can determine the amount of the product formed in the reaction or the amount of the reactant required to produce a specific amount of the products.Here, the given reaction is a balanced chemical reaction hence, use its mole ratio for determining the moles of the hydrochloric acid.The neutralization reaction is the reaction in which acid and base react to give salt and water.