Question

Mention the working principle of electric motor which converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.

Answer 1

Hint: The conversion of electrical energy to mechanical energy requires a device which converts a voltage signal to a mechanical motion which can be accomplished through interaction between electric and magnetic fields.

Complete answer:
Energy can neither be created or destroyed, it can only be converted from one form to another.
A device which converts one form of energy to another is known as a transducer. This is a general category of all devices which perform this function of conversion of energy.
Electric motor is a device which converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.
Working principle of electric motor:
A current carrying conductor produces a magnetic field. When it is placed in a magnetic field which is perpendicular to the conductor then it experiences a force which is the required mechanical energy.

Additional information:
Electric motors can be of two types on the basis of the type of current used to run it.
1.A.C. Motor: It converts alternating current into mechanical energy. There are further three types of A.C. motors:
a.Linear motor
b.Induction motor
c.Synchronous motor
2.D.C. Motor: It converts direct current into mechanical energy. There are two types of D.C. motors:
a.Self-excited motor
b.Separately excited motor

Note:
Dynamo and generator perform similar functions opposite of electric motors. They convert mechanical energy to electrical energy. They are the same thing.
In an induction coil, there is conversion between electrical energy and chemical energy which go both ways.