Question

What is the meaning of Urbanization?
A. Development of a city or a town.
B. People migrating from rural to urban areas.
C. Expansion of the city.
D. All of these.

Answer 1

Hint: Urbanization refers to the rising number of individuals residing in urban areas.
 Urbanization is not only a new phenomenon, but a rapid and historic change of human social origins on a global scale, gradually replacing largely rural society with urban culture.
The rise in the percentage of people living in towns and cities reflects urbanization.

Complete answer:
Urbanization refers to the change of population from rural to urban areas, the reduction in the percentage of people remaining in rural areas, and how communities are adjusting to this shift. As more people start living and working in central regions, it is largely the mechanism by which towns and cities are developed and becoming larger. Urbanization can be seen at a particular time as a particular condition (e.g. the level of total population or territory of cities or towns), or as an increase over time in that condition. It is also possible to measure urbanization either in terms of the degree of urban growth compared to the total population or in terms of the rate at which the urban share of the population rises. Urbanization produces tremendous social, economic and environmental shifts that give sustainability possibilities with the "potential to use resources more efficiently, to create more sustainable land use and to protect the biodiversity of natural ecosystems."

Hence, the correct answer is Option (B) i.e. People migrating from rural to urban areas for better job opportunities, health facilities or for studies and better growth in their life.

Note:Depending on the type of architecture and planning techniques, as well as the historic development of areas, various modes of urbanization can be categorized.
With 97.5 percent and 97.25 percent of the urban population, the National Capital Territory of Delhi and the Union territory of Chandigarh are the most urbanized of all the States and Union territories, led by Daman and Diu (75.2 percent) and Puducherry (75.2 percent) (68.3 percent).